Scottish Surnames, Tait to Tytler

TAIT
Pleasure, delight.

Tait, Archibald Campbell (1811-82) of Edinburgh. Became Archbishop of Canterbury in 1869. He did much to extend and improve the organisation of the Church in the Colonies.

Tait, Peter Guthrie (1831-1901) of Dalkeith. Mathematician, philosopher and physicist. Professor of Mathematics at Belfast (1854). Produced the first working thermoelectric diagram. Published many papers on scientific subjects.

Tait, William (1792-1864). Publisher and founder of Tait's Edinburgh Magazine (1823-64), a literary and radical political monthly.

TANNAHILL, Robert (1774-1810) of Paisley. Weaver and poet. Best remembered for his 'Bonnie Woods O'Craigie Lea', 'Jessie the Flower O'Dumblane' and 'The Lass of Arrenteenie'.

TASSIE, James (1735-99) of Pollokshaws, Glasgow. Engraver and modeller. Famed for his paste and imitation gems. Was commissioned by Catherine the Great of Russia to supply her with some 15,000 items of imitation gems and cameos. The collection was put on exhibition to the general public before being sent to the Empress. He invented the white enamel composition which he used for his medallion portraits.

TAWSE
Straps for whipping.

TAYLOR, Sir George (1904-) educ. Edinburgh. Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (1956-71). Joint leader of the British Museum Expedition to Rowenzori and mountains of East Africa (1934-35) and to SE Tibet and Bhutan in 1938.

TAYLOR, Tom (1817-80). Scottish dramatist and editor born at Sun-derland. From 1846 he wrote or adapted over 100 pieces for the stage. Secretary to the Bd. of Health (1850-72). Became editor of Punch in 1874.

TEDDAR, Arthur William, 1st Baron Teddar ofGlenguin (1890-1967) of Glenguin, Stirlingshire. Marshal of the Royal Air Force. From 1940 he organised the Middle East Air Force with great success and later became Deputy Supreme Commander under Eisenhower. In 1950 he was made Chancellor of the Univ. of Cambridge and also a governor of the BBC.

TELFORD, Sir Thomas (1757-1834) of Eskdale, Langholm. Son of a shepherd. Stonemason and Civil Engineer. Builder of bridges, aqueducts, canals and docks. The Caledonian Canal and the Menai Suspension Bridge were perhaps his greatest works. Constructed some 1,000 miles of roads and over 130 bridges in 10 years. He was the first President of the Institution of Civil Engineers. He is buried in Westminster Abbey.

TEMPLETON, James (1802-) Scottish carpet manufacturer. Devised modification of Chenille velvet technique and applied it to pile carpets and furnishings. Founded a factory in Glasgow in 1839. Received first of several royal commissions from Queen Victoria for carpet. In 1850 other carpet manufacturers were licensed to use his invention.

TENNANT, Charles (1768-1838) of Ochiltree, Ayrshire. Pioneer chemical industrialist. Developed and manufactured a bleaching powder.

THOM, James (1910-) educ. Edinburgh. Director of Forestry for Eng-land (1963-65), Director of Research (1965-68).

THOMAS the RHYMER (Sir Thomas Learmont) or THOMAS RYMOUR of ERCELDOUNE. (c.1220-97) of Berwickshire. Seer and poet. Said to have predicted the death of Alexander III and the battle of Bannockburn. His prophecies were collected and published in 1603.

THOMPSON, Sir D'Arcy Wentworth (1860-1948) of Edinburgh. Marine biologist and zoologist. His Study in Growth and Form (1917) had considerable merit. Other works include papers on fishing and oceanography. He was the leader of the 'Challanger' expedition.

THOMSON
The son of Thomas, which signifies a twin.

Thomson, Sir Adam of Glasgow. Airline pilot, founder and chairman of British Caledonian Airways (1972-87) then Britain's largest private airline.

Thomson, Alexander (1817-75) of Glasgow. Distinguished architect who became known as 'Greek Thomson'.

Thomson, Sir Charles Wyville (1830-82) of Bonsyde, West Lothian. Zoologist. Held professorships in Natural History at Cork, Belfast and Edinburgh. Famous for his deep-sea researches, described in The 1888. The Thomson Gazelle and Thomson Falls in Kenya bear his name.

Thomson, Sir Joseph John (1856-1940). Born near Manchester, son of a Scottish antiquarian bookseller. Physicist who discovered the Electron in 1897. Nobel Prize winner for Physics in 1906.

Thomson, Robert William (1822-73) of Stonehaven. Civil Engineer and expert on blasting. He was also an inventor. Designed improved machinery for making sugar in Java, invented a mobile steam crane and in 1845 the first pneumatic rubber tyre, but it was considered a curiosity and not developed, India rubber being very expensive at that time. He was also the inventor of a dry dock and fountain pen.

Thomson, Ronald B. (1912-) of Aberdeen. Air Vice-Marshal, Air Officer Admin., Flying Training Command, (1963-). AOC-RAF Gibraltar (1958-60), Scotland and Northern Ireland (1960-63). Member of the Queen's Bodyguard for Scotland.

Thomson, Roy Herbert, 1st Baron of Fleet (1894-1976). Born in Toronto son of a Scottish barber. Newspaper and Television magnate. In 1959 became one of Britain's leading newspaper proprietors with the acquisition of the Kemsley Newspapers.

Thomson, Thomas (1773-1852) of Crieff. Chemist. When making investigations into brewing and distillation, he invented the instrument known as Allan's Saccharometer.

Thomson, Thomas (1817-78) of Glasgow. Surgeon and Naturalist. Discovered pectic acid in carrots.

Thomson, Thomas D. (1911-) of Edinburgh. Retired as Commissioner for Social Development, Nyasaland in 1963. Conducted a survey of adult education there (1956-57), and organised Nyasaland Council of Social Service (1959).

THORBURN, Archibald (1860-1935) Scottish artist who specialized in wildlife paintings. Exhibited at the Royal Academy (1880-1900).

THORNTON, Robert Campbell (1924-) of Leith. Appointed chief ex-ecutive of the Debenham's Group in 1974 and Chairman in 1980. At the time there were 67 Debenham stores in the UK.

TODD, Sir Alexander Robustus, 1st Baron of Trumpington (1907-) of Glasgow. Biochemist. Professor at Manchester (1938) and at Cambridge (1944). Nobel prize winner for his researches on vitamins B and E. Elected FRS in 1942. Sometime described as the most eminent Scots scientist since Lord Kelvin. Was honoured by the Russians for outstanding achievements in organic chemistry.

TODD, Ruthven (1914-) of Edinburgh. Poet essayist and novelist. His first novel Over the Mountain (1939) was followed by The Lost Traveller (1943) and The Ruins of Time in 1950.

TRAIL
To drag.

TROTTER
A rambler. John Trotter was outlawed, temp. Robert II.

Trotter, Alexander (Sandy) C. (1902-75) of Edinburgh. Editor of the Scottish Daily Express (1934-59) and Chairman of Beaverbrook Newspapers (1959-70).

TROUP, Sir James A.V. (1883-) of Broughty Ferry. Vice-Admiral (1939), Rear-Admiral, Director of Naval Intelligence (1935-39).

TULLOCH, John (1823-86) of Bridge of Earn. Theologian. Principal and Professor of Divinity at St Mary's Coll., St Andrews. He was the founder of the Scottish Liberal Church Party in 1878.

TURNBULL
The first of this family is said to have been a strong man named Ruel, who turned a wild bull by the head, which had violently ran against Robert Bruce in Stirling Park; for which act he received from that king the lands of Bedrule, and the name of Turnbull. He is called in the charter " Willieimo dicto Turnbull." At the battle of Halidonhill, this Ruel advanced before the Scots army with a great dog, and challenged any of the English to fight with him a combat. Sir Robert Venal, a Norfolk man, fought and killed him and his dog too. The descendants of Ruel bore a bull's head in their arms (modernly three bull's heads), in allusion to the feat from which their name originated.

Turnbull, Sir Hugh Stevenson (1882-1973). Educated. Edinburgh. Was the Commissioner of Police for the City of London (1925-50).

TURNER, Sir William (1907.) of Kelso. Lieut.-General (1956). OC 5th and later 1st KOSB (1942-46). GSOI, Middle East and Gt. Britain (1947-50). GO C in C, Scottish Command, and Governor of Edinburgh Castle (1961-64). Member of the Queen's Bodyguard for Scotland (The Royal Company of Archers).

TWEED, John (1869-1933) of Glasgow. Sculptor. Among his principal works are the Cecil Rhodes memorial at Bulawayo, the completion of Steven's Duke of Wellington at St Paul's and Clive in Whitehall.

TWEEDSMUIR, (John N. S. Buchan), 2nd Baron of Elsfield, (1911-). Served with distinction in the Canadian army (1939-45). President, Commonwealth and British Empire Chamber of Commerce (1955-57). President, Institute of Export (1963-).

TWEEDSMUIR, Priscilla J. F. Buchan, Baroness (life peeress) of Belhelvie. From Potterton, Aberdeen. Member of State at the Foreign Of-fice. Leader of Delegation to Iceland on fishing limits dispute (1972-). Was UK Delegate to UN General assembly (1960-61).

TYTLER
In the year 1515, Lord Seton, having slain a gentleman named Gray in a duel, changed his name to Tytler and fled to France. His two sons returned with Queen Mary to Scotland in 1561, and settled in Aberdeenshire.

Tytler, William of Woodhouselee (1711-92) of Edinburgh. Historian, lawyer and writer to the signet. An Inquiry into the Evidence against Mary Queen of Scots (1759) was his work.

Tytler, Alexander Fraser (1749-1813), Historian son of above. Became Judge Advocate for Scotland in 1790, and a Judge of Session (1802) as Lord Woodhouselee.

Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1791-1849), son of (2) above. Published A Critical History of Scotland 1249-1603 (1828-43) which is still valuable.

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